About Love Summary Essay Example For Students

About Love Summary Essay ABOUT LOVE (Anton Chekhov Summary: In â€Å"About Love† we read the elements of sentimental love which attempts to show that ‘love’ as such isn't limited by conjugal relations. Anton Chkhov presents records of relationships communicating his own experience which causes him to feel that adoration is only a prevention and a wellspring of disappointment and aggravation. The story starts in a nation house where Alyohin, the storyteller was eating with his visitors Burkin and Ivan Ivanych. In the interim, Nikanor the cook came to approach what to get ready for supper. At that point Alyohin uncovered the relationship of Nikanor and Pelageya, one of his hirelings. As per him, Pelageya cherished Nikanor without question. She would not like to wed him, yet was prepared to live with him just so. The cook was profoundly strict and along these lines he was prepared to live with her on the off chance that she wedded him. Alyohin has been carrying on with a farmer’s life at Sofyino since he moved on from the University. As an alumni, he was not fit for harsh work however his dad had spent a ton of cash on his training by selling the home. So he needed to buckle down until he took care of the obligation. Despite the fact that he was a landowner, he would work with his people like a worker. He additionally attempted to keep up his edified life by understanding books and by drinking espresso and alcohols after lunch and supper. Later in summer he would be worn out to the point that he was unable to go to upstairs to his bed. He would rest anyplace and started to eat in the servant’s kitchen. He had been chosen privileged judge numerous prior years. Furthermore, some of the time he needed to get down to business to partake in court meetings. At that point he would have a rich existence and meet instructed people. He made companions in the town. One of the companions was Luganovich, who out of the blue welcomed him to supper. In his home he met Anna Alelxeyevna, Luganov’s spouse. Her first infant was brought into the world only a half year prior. She was a youthful, lovely, kind, smart, intriguing lady. At the point when he was close to her, he felt as though he had been acquainted with her some time in the past in his youth. Her better half was amiable and stupid. He was unable to communicate his closely-held conviction on the choice of the court even at supper and in private discussion. Both the spouse and the wife engaged the visitor. Their dynamic support made him feel that they lived in harmony and concordance. Alyohin spent the entire summer at Sofyino. Her memory stayed in his psyche every one of those months. He felt as though her shadow was lying gently in his spirit. In the late pre-winter, Alyohin went to a cause appear in the town and he saw Anna there. She looked magnificently wonderful with her stunning and touching eyes and she gave him a similar sentiment of closeness. She said that he looked dull and old, and that she expected that he would go to the theater. The following day he dined with the Luganoviches. After that he would visit the family every time he went to the town. He went into their home as if he were one of the family. She would invite him and inquire as to why he hadn’t seen them for such a long time. Her look, her wonderful hand, her basic dress, her hairdo, her voice, her step would cause him to feel new, phenomenal and significant. They would talk for a considerable length of time. In the event that she was not in the home, he would hang tight for her. At the point when she got back home from the market, he would take every one of her packages from her as a kid. Alyohin was despondent. He asked why Anna had hitched Luganovich, not him. Luganovich was not lively, yet old and dutiful. At whatever point he went to the town, he would find that she was anticipating him. They would talk for quite a while, yet they never told that they cherished one another. They attempted to disguise it. He cherished her profoundly, however had no solidarity to battle against it. He guessed that his delicate love could demolish the life of her better half, her youngsters and it was anything but something to be thankful for. On the off chance that he had hitched her, she would not have been more joyful in his nation house. They probably won't have adored each other a short time later. Anna additionally may have thought this way. She probably won't fulfill him since she was not youthful enough for him and not labourous to begin another life. So she would request that her better half locate an appropriate young lady for Alyohin. He would go to the Luganoviches’ and he was energetically invited there. He would go to the venue with her. In the lobby they would sit next to each other, and he felt that she was his own. However, when they came out, they would go independently as outsiders. Anna’s conduct had been changed as of late. She would regularly go to her mom and sister. She started to be ill humored. She felt that her life was unsuitable and destroyed. At such occasions she couldn't have cared less to see her significant other and her kids. She was being treated for anxious sluggishness. She would differ with Alyohin and needed to prod him purposely. Luganovich was moved toward the western territories and Anna needed to go to Crimea for her treatment. Many individuals had gone to the railroad station to see Anna off. She had bid farewell to her significant other and her kids. Be that as it may, she had nearly overlooked her container. Alyohin ran into her compartment with it and afterward he needed to bid farewell. At the point when their eyes got together, their profound quality left them. He took her in his arms. She squeezed her face to his bosom, and tears spilled out of her eyes. Kissing her face, he said that he adored her. Presently he understood that what prevented them from cherishing each other was immaterial. He comprehended that one should reason about adoration from the more significant level, and that one ought not consider bliss or misery, sin or ethicalness. He kissed her once and for all, squeezed her hand and isolated from her for ever. The train was at that point moving. He went into another vacant compartment. Until he arrived at the following station, he sat crying. At that point he strolled home to Sofyino. The downpour halted and the sun came out. Burkin and Ivan appreciated the scene outside. Simultaneously they were upset for Alyohin. He could make his life more joyful by accomplishing something different rather chipping away at the homestead. They additionally thought of Anna’s tragic face. Question Answers 1. Tell about the adoration among Pelageya and Nikanor. Ans: Pelageya is a wonderful young lady. She is hireling of the storyteller. Nikanor is a cook. There is a brutal relationship between them. She needs to live with him just so. Be that as it may, Nikanor is a strict man so he needs to wed her. Once in a while he drinks and swears at her and even beats her. At whatever point he drinks, she conceals upstairs and wails. They express their erotic love. 2. Sketch the character of Alyohin. Ans: Alyohin is a resident of Russia. He inhabits Sofyino. He is a rancher. Peculiar Meeting EssayThere he meets Luganovich and makes him a close companion. He likewise meets his better half Anna who has a six mothes old infant. She is magnificently excellent with herr dazzling and enthusiastic eyes. He experiences passionate feelings for her. Be that as it may, their affection is unexpressed. He goes to her home and she invites him. They become natural, start to visit film, and so forth. With the goal that the general public watches them taking lvoe. As an informed man Alyohim sokethimes gets mindful of his and her life, contemplates future and understands that marriage will be ruinous to them two. In any case he becomes hopelessly enamored with her and hteir love is spiritua and valid. When the was in college, he likewise experienced passionate feelings for a young lady who counningly completed his cash. Her affection was just ofr cash. Alyohin has encounters of three kinds of affection. Alyohin is a working class man. He is good. He knows the working class profound quality. He forfeits everything for his ethical quality. So he chooses not to decimate Anna’s life and family. He isn't crafty and fiendish man. He is blunt, free, earnest and emotiinal man gueded by his own explanation. He even goes to the rail station to bid farewell to Anna. He is a sort and supportive man. He is likewise a man of foreknowledge. 13. How did Alyohin characterize love? Ans: Alyohin characterized love as a puzzling thing past a wide range of social constraints in About Love. Alyohin introduced three love is conceivable between a lot of unmatchable people having entirely unexpected life belief systems. Romantic tale between alyohin himself and Anna likewise advocated love as a baffling thing. Alyohin was graduate and an unmaried individual. Anna was hitched lady and mother of two kids. Thery lvoed to one another however they didn’t since they adored one another. They just realized that on eoved the other. Love between two ddistinctively various people like Alyohin and Anna was additionally conceivable. In this way, love is characterized as a strange adaptable thing which isn't constrained inside social, age, standing, strict and class factors. Anton triess to legitimize the significance and meaning of adoration through Alyohin as an unkimited and unhindered thing on the planet which crosses very tyep of limits. 14. In the story â€Å"About Love † there are for the most part tow accounts of affection. The first is love affiar betwee two workers and the other is Alyohin’s won romantic tale. How does Anton Chekhov show the difference between the two stores? Ans: In the story†About Love† Anton Chekhov shows the complexity betwe th atwo love stores. The first is the adoration betweent eh two servatns pElageya and Nikanor. Pelageya adores Nikanor yet she dones not have any desire to wed im. She wnats to adore with him ust fo. However, Nikanor asks ehr to wed,. He dislike to live with her being hsband and spouse before marriage cecause his relihoon deos not grant him to live with her fair so. The author shows the second love between Alyohin, the naraator of this story and Anna, the spouse of Luganovich,. When Alyohhn s chose Honorary Justice, he goes ot the town and meets Luganovich. Luganovich inveites hism for supper. There he sees his significant other Anna and is attacted by her. Anna and Alyohin bvoth begin to look all starry eyed at however ehy wear not expres their adoration. They are afaraid of omorality thiehking that the ove maay be unsafe. Thus, Anna has a psychological ailment and she ahs to go tyo Crimea for treatment. At la

Education - Teacher Essay Example for Free

Instruction Teacher Essay Respectable visitor of praises, clergymen, guardians, companions, and understudies, l might want to invite you to Borrowdale Brooke Academy Sports day. School sports day is an epic occasion on the schedule. It is a day when understudies are liberated from their study halls to bounce and go around, liberated from the shackles of learning. It is a day for moms to wear their rundown best and fathers to root for their children. It’s a day when youngsters who may battle with scholastic subjects show that they can race quicker or hop farther than any other person. It’s a day for red countenances and sweat where shirts and shorts are the request for the day. It’s a day for starter weapons or educators with whistles. School sports day is a day for cameras and recordings and grinning faces. It’s a day for triumph and catastrophes, for victories and disappointments. Talks are given and awards are introduced and, by and large, it’s a day for sportsmanship and gaining experiences. This year, I am satisfied to see, many are contending incorporating more than 50 staff and relatives in a wide assortment of occasions. Not least of which is the back-and-forth which I am told will be energetically challenged. As I glance around here today I am helped indeed to remember exactly how enthusiastic educators are about game and what extraordinary contenders all of you are. One of the textures I see when I watch understudies play at school is the affection BBA Students have for sport. What's more, what an extraordinary thing sport is on such a significant number of levels. Past the undeniable wellbeing and movement benefits, game can show us much life. It shows us cooperation, it shows us how to coexist with others, and it trains us to cooperate to accomplish a shared objective. It’s additionally about trust and duty and about managing achievement and disappointment. Game likewise causes us find out about adapting to pressure and the need to stay with preparing so as to improve. Just as the advantages to people, sports and physical action additionally carry extraordinary advantages to networks through such things as improved wellbeing and instruction, restoration, wrongdoing counteraction, and sex fairness. Another significant part of sports is its capacity to cause individuals to feel they are a piece of something. In a review done on our last games day, everyone met said that â€Å"the occasion caused them to feel a piece of Borrowdale Brooke Academy. Borrowdale Brooke Academy perceives the benefit of utilizing sport as vehicle for advancement But while the difficulties are incredible, so is the pledge to discover arrangements. I need to recognize all the great work done by Teachers and furthermore guardians. Everyone has a duty to progress in the direction of making networks more secure. To accomplish that objective guardians and instructors need to work intently together. This games day is an amazing method to unite individuals in a casual situation that will manufacture enduring systems and companionships over the part. I praise the coordinators and especially the chief of studies Mrs. Henney, the chief Mrs. Rutsito and his appointee Mr. Muridzi, the specialized organizers Mr. Maviki, and different individuals from the sorting out group who have worked admirably in assembling today’s program. What's more, presently it just leaves me to wish all contenders good karma and to announce the First yearly Borrowdale Brooke Academy Sports Day open. Much obliged to you.

John Hughes Reaching New Levels of Achievement in Hollywood Free Essays

John Hughes: Reaching New Levels of Achievement in Hollywood David Bordwell (2006) solidly accepts that when confronted with the test of making, individuals ask themselves how they can raise the premises higher than ever of accomplishment, or restore an offensive sort. He contends that individuals challenge themselves with the inquiry ‘How would i be able to make easygoing associations increasingly well suited, curves progressively unforeseen, character brain research all the more including, energy increasingly serious, themes all the more firmly woven? How might I show my own virtuosity? Following this statement and my own exploration, I’ve come to accept that John Hughes is an extremely huge case of a movie producer to arrive at an unheard of level of accomplishment in Hollywood. As the chief and essayist of a few notable teenager motion pictures, for example, Sixteen Candles (1984), The Breakfast Club (1985), and Ferris Bueller’s Day Off (1986), from the mid-19 80s Hughes has been regarded as one of the more powerful figures of Hollywood for rethinking and leaving an enduring impact on films with a high schooler segment. We will compose a custom paper test on John Hughes: Reaching New Levels of Achievement in Hollywood or on the other hand any comparable subject just for you Request Now Through profoundly concentrating on new topics and themes, for example, social chain of importance, he obviously changed the teenager film class perpetually by making compassion and comprehension for youthful characters. During the 1980s, teenager’s perspectives were changing, and numerous scholars accept music TV was at fault. Shary (2005) states that with superstar appearances, ads, and a spic and span, quick paced style, MTV became â€Å"the court where youth culture was determined what was cool†. He additionally accepts that the political changes in America likewise vigorously impacted young people points of view, particularly after the â€Å"carefree attitudes† of Carter’s administration transformed into the â€Å"peremptory directs of Regan’s decade†. He expresses that: â€Å"The new Republican ethos may have prevailed upon voters, and yet its gullible ‘just state no’ way to deal with genuine immature decisions gave youth a reestablished feeling of aggravation for grown-up power. † To communicate their perspectives on America’s governmental issues, the adolescent got anxious to try different things with sex and medications, and Hollywood felt the impact of the youth’s sway and observed. As of now period, Hollywood was encountering a progress of sorts, between what was marked as the Hollywood Renaissance (Schatz,1993), into an increasingly contemporary style of film which scholar Geoff King (2002) named as ‘New Hollywood Version 2’. To comprehend the forward leap of John Hughes’ motion pictures, we should comprehend that before his directorial presentation of Sixteen Candles, movies of the 1980s were not thoughtful to youngsters, and the greater part f said films came as slasher motion pictures, or sex-comedies, where crowds would watch adolescents be humiliated and harmed in different various structures. In this time of change, these motion pictures would harvest in benefits, however didn't concentrate on character brain research or underscore execution the manner in which prior models did. In this progress period, Hughes’ oversaw, in some structure, to remain consistent with the prior, character-based movies, yet at the same time figured out how to create an effective benefit, with no high-scale creation that would transform his movies into the more up to date, blockbuster style pictures. He regularly chipped away at more than one film on the double, and discharged them extremely near one another, such that gave more cash to the studios, as his notoriety for being a chief turned out to be all the more notable and his motion pictures turned out to be increasingly effective. It’s imperative to note additionally, that his movies were discharged at a time where VCR and home recordings were turning out to be increasingly well known, which implied that youthful grown-ups could watch his movies again and again at home, and make an individual relationship with the characters. As an executive, Hughes knew precisely what he needed; to show youngsters as significant, astute, and not the sex-crazed and shallow youths that prior motion pictures depicted them to be. Gora (2010) recommends that: â€Å"What would separate Hughes, during a time when different producers rushed to depict adolescents as insipid, horny, pimpled personifications, was that he was astute enough to give the high school experience the torment, reality, and drama that so frequently permeates age. As demonstrated by movies, for example, Losin’ It (1983) and Little Darlings (1980), numerous motion pictures in the mid 1980s spun basically around â€Å"the mission of adolescents to lose their virginity† (Shary, 2005). Despite the fact that Hughes has concentrated on the topic of sex, it is only one of various subjects and themes in his movies, including the ever-famous thought of social progressive system, or parental weight. Sixteen Candles, bases on the account of sixteen-year old Sam (depicted by Molly Ringwald), whose birthday is overlooked by her family for her more seasoned sister’s wedding the following day. This film incorporates the main totally bare scene of any of Hughes’ motion pictures, and was just included because of weight from the system, who demanded that it was required so as to contend with the other high schooler films available. The scene itself isn't remotely sexual notwithstanding, and exists just to underscore Sam’s hesitance, when she and her closest companion spy on the sweetheart of her greatest smash while in the shower after exercise center. It includes a considerable lot of the prosaisms, for example, the virgin esperate to have intercourse, the rich youngster driving a costly vehicle which will without a doubt be destroyed in some way or another, or a local gathering where the house is demolished, yet not at all like other adolescent movies, it urges us to chuckle with the characters as opposed to at them. To depict the possibility of social progressive system, where a coterie is ‘better’ than another, Hughes’ frequently utilizes a type of what Roz Kaveney (2006) entitles the ‘anthropology shot’. Kaveney states that â€Å"such shots build up various social gatherings among secondary school understudies and skillet between them to show social divisions†. This shot can be compelling in light of the fact that regardless of the way that we will just truly know a couple of select characters, it can build up the sort of condition they are living in. A case of said shot is utilized in Sixteen Candles, presenting the ‘geeks’ at the party. Despite the fact that Hughes’ didn't develop the shot, numerous movies have imitated the manner in which he utilized it, for example, Mean Girls (2004), where the character Janice acquaints Cady with the social inner circles in the cafeteria. Just as the human studies shot, Hughes’ likewise utilized some low-point shots in his movies to imply the feeling of insufficiency young people feel when taking a gander at the world. This is additionally utilized regularly when the characters converse with grown-ups, and is particularly unmistakable in The Breakfast Club when the characters converse with the head. This shows the control Principal Vernon has over the children, and implements the conviction that since they are youthful, they aren’t as ground-breaking. Hughes,’ as an executive, paid a lot of consideration regarding setting social foundation in his movies. The opening of The Breakfast Club, the narrative of five adolescents of various inner circles who must spend their Saturday in detainment, utilizes single shots to give us a vibe for each character. Claire, for instance, the common rich and well known ‘princess’ is presented with the shot of a prom sovereign banner, despite the fact that we haven’t authoritatively met her character yet. Essentially, John Bender, the ‘criminal’ issue kid, is presented utilizing an injection of a vandalized storage with a noose appended. The film authoritatively opens with a glass-breaking progress to an early on shot of the secondary school, which could be perused as anticipating; in the long run, the character’s barriers are separated, and they open up to one another to become companions. The composition of Hughes’ films pointed out a lot of themes that hadn’t been given a lot of consideration previously, for example, the possibility of the youngster acting like the parent. A prime case of this is Sixteen Candles, where Sam’s mother apologizes to her for missing her birthday. In this scene, Sam, the youngster, is the one to comfort her enthusiastic mother, and state â€Å"It’s alright, these things happen†. Subjects additionally investigated were the thoughts parental weight, for example, The Breakfast Club, where quirky Brian considered self destruction since he dreaded his folks would be baffled in him for bombing his top notch, or the topic of cash and social classes, which Hughes’ tended to by blending Claire and Bender together; the rich young lady with the poor kid. He additionally carries another light to female sexuality, which the character of Alison addresses straightforwardly; â€Å"If you state you haven’t you’re a stick in the mud. What's more, on the off chance that you state you have, you’re a prostitute. It’s a snare. Seeing such contacting scenes on screen enables youngsters, and enables the crowd to identify with their encounters. Said subjects have since been tended to in numerous high schooler motion pictures to this date, for example, Clueless (1995) or Easy A (2010). The effect that John Hughes has left on Hollywood is undoubtabl e and everlasting. Notwithstanding the way that it has been more than a quarter century since The Breakfast Club was discharged, for instance, incalculable references are as yet made to the film in today’s mainstream society, remembering tributes for NBC’s faction TV show ‘Community’ and a notice in CW’s ‘Gossip Girl’ (â€Å"we’re the non-making a decision about Breakfast Club†). Matt Groening, maker of The Simpsons and Futurama, is likewise an enormous enthusiast of the film. Bart Simpson’s well known catchphrase ‘eat my shorts’ is an immediate reference to John Bender’s line, which he says insubordinately to Principal Vernon. Judd Nelson’s depiction of the character was likewise t

Prostitution Legalization - Free Essay Example

Prostitution. Its a hush-hush profession that people seem to be appalled to talk about. Its almost as if people are afraid of men and women selling their bodies for the lustful desires of others. Its nothing youd hope to come from the mouth of a child, but should it be a crime? Presently the issue of prostitution has major effects in and outside of the United States. As a society, prostitution is frowned upon, but it should be legalized. In order to make my stance clear, Id like to clarify the difference in the way I define decriminalization and legalization. Decriminalization would effectively eliminate laws against prostitution and other forms of sex work. Furthermore, it disallows authorities from intervening in activities that have any relation to prostitution. Legalization, on the other hand, would allow a regulation of prostitution. We would be able to create laws to control what happened in the prostitution world. There would be licenses and police intervene in malpractice. Its important to know the difference because legalizing prostitution could save the lives of many girls in this industry. Prostitution is an incredibly broad term referring to a practice that is conducted in a variety of ways. The one most people think of is street prostitutes, the girls who walk around public areas attempting to solicit customers in alleyways, vehicles, and motels. Street workers are usually under control by a pimp, who widens their clientele while also taking some of their profit. However, there are other forms of prostitution which exist, unchecked. Furthermore, it is debatable as to whether or not adult film actors, escorts and sugar babies are prostitutes. At first, it doesnt seem so but when you think about it, porn stars are engaging in prostitution. If the dictionary definition of prostitution is the practice or occupation of engaging in sexual activity with someone for payment., then its clear that that is exactly the job that porn stars partake in. This is the same for both escorts and sugar babies, though they have worked their way around the law. An escort is generally a beautiful girl you pay for her time. The escort is required to go out with you,and more often than not, it is understood between both parties that intercourse will happen. A sugarbaby on the other hand tends to be like a consistent prostitute. Sugar babies are given money by their sugar daddies under the guise of being for the babys rent,self care, or simply as gifts. Although these jobs have different names, at their core, its simply prostitution. What makes these more legitimate than streetwalker prostitutes? Prostitution has been a punishable crime from as far back as 1075 BC. According to Assyrian law, clean and pure women had to be veiled when they walked the streets. But, prostitutes and other women of lesser stature had to be unveiled. If these harlots were caught with a veil, then they were punished with 50 hits and tar poured on their heads. In the year 525 Byzantine Emperor, Justinian the Great, married a woman named Theodora who was allegedly a former prostitute. Together, they created laws that disallowed prostitutes and owners of brothels from the capital and banned sexual intercourse in public bathhouses. In terms of prostitution being a crime in the United States? On March 3, 1875, the United States Congress passed the Page Act of 1875. This would outlaw the importation of women into the United States for the purposes of prostitution. Prostitution being unchecked by the government means that girls who are willing participants in the sex trade, can not turn to a police officer when things go awry. It even happens that sometimes when these women do not want to have sex with someone, that they are beaten, raped, and abused. The claim that these women are asking for it because of their career choice and what they wear is not only ludicrous, its inhumane.No one is ever asking to be raped, no matter their occupation, clothing style, or anything else for that matter.There are a number of reasons to think that making prostitution legal might improve working conditions for prostitutes. If they were having a problem with a client, they could threaten to call the police.(Ehrenfreund). Its also not uncommon for these women to be assaulted. One of the most famous cases of this being the case of Christy Mack. Christy is a former pornographic actress, and advocate for sex workers in all forms. In 2014 Mack was physically abused and raped by her ex-boyfriend who was an MMA star. The unfortunate truth is that for many prostitutes, there is no real safe space to conduct their practices when both they and their clients are consensual participants in. Sometimes they must resort to alleyways, low-grade motels, and in some cases their own homes. Simply decriminalizing prostitution were legalized, it might mean that street workers might be able to get away from pimps and be allowed access to work in a controlled environment. There could be better screenings for sexually transmitted diseases, for both the workers and the clientele. In the Netherlands, both brothels and pimping are legally allowed.It is legal to run a business where men or women over the age of consent are voluntarily employed as prostitutes. The person running the business must satisfy certain conditions and obtain a license from the local authorities. This solution is a great step that may help benefit the workers. There will be rules set in place so that prostitutes can avoid being hurt. Continuing to criminalize prostitution may end up doing more harm than good. decriminalizing prostitution prevented 824 rapes that would have been otherwise reported to police and presumably many more that otherwise would not have been reported in any case. (Ehrenfreund)It is possible that rapists may turn to buying sex if they are desperate rather than attacking women without consent. There is no guarantee that rape would never happen again as a result of the decriminalization of prostitution but it is undeniable that it would significantly reduce the issue. Clearly prostitution brings benefits when legalized. Those on the other side of the issue may say that prostitution is that humiliating profession. I think that this may be true in some cases. For example, if you go homeless and you need to sell your body to make ends meet, you may find the trade embarrassing.According to Barry Kathleen Prostitution laws in the United States, as elsewhere in the world, reflect the sexual double standard of misogyny, which honors women as wives and condemns them as whores, making sure that the market always supplies men with prostitutes. (Barry, Prostitution) There are some people who are in the profession who are not so opposed to being involved in sex acts, to make it illegal furthers the belief that prostitutes should be condemned as whores. Perhaps they arent interested in committed relationships and simply, enjoy having sex. It could be possible that they find it more humiliating to be on a porn site, and would much rather keep their profession discreet. The sex-workers rights movement was founded on three general tenets, all of which are based on the right to self-determination. First, members of the movement do not believe that all sex work is forced, and, in fact, believe that many women freely choose this work. Second, they believe that sex work should be viewed and respected as legitimate work. And third, they believe it is a violation of a womans civil rights to be denied the opportunity to work as a sex worker.(Sloan) This is proof that sex-workers arent all there because they are forced or because they feel the need to conform in a patriarchal society. If a movement of women are practically begging to have rights in their jobs, why should they be denied? As previously mentioned, prostitute and porn star are not professions that belong at an elementary school career day, but that doesnt mean that people who participate in the practice should not be protected.To make the job illegal, furthers the belief that women have sex with whoever they want is a bad thing. Others who believe prostitution should not be legalized argue that prostitution is in close ties with drug use and sexual assault.Unfortunately, this is sometimes the case. Cleaning up the profession and allowing them access to work off the streets and inside monitored buildings may remove the presence of drugs. In Cyril Dolls argument opposing the legalization, she mentions: Typically such jurisdictions place sex workers into brothels after theyve paid thousands of dollars for licenses and police checksand then theyre at the mercy of brothel managers, says [Valerie] Scott. At the brothel, youre regularly forced to have free sex with the manager and any of his friends, and you dont have the right of refusal. If your client demands a particular type of sex youre not comfortable with, you have to do it anyway. In my mind, thats sexual assault, she says. (Doll) There is no argument that what is happening in these brothels is sexual assault, however, rather than turning our backs to it, it may prove beneficial to have enforced security in these brothels. People who the prostitutes may run to when things like this happen, to prevent such assault. Security like this exists inside of most strip clubs, so that the women working rule breakers may be removed. It would be ignorant to deny that in rare and unfortunate cases the security guard is in on the brothel owners malpractice, but in most cases, this is not true. It is impossible to come to a conclusion about the job, based on rare situations. These women should not expect rape as part of their job and if the brothel owner is abusing his job and his privileges, he should be serving time in prison.Legalizing the trade may require that brothel owners need license and brothels will need required security cameras. This will help keep people who want an easy job becoming a pimp away because its bec ome more difficult. It will also prevent rapes because the camera footage can be used in a court of law to defend the prostitute. Prostitution is constantly berated as being the influence on global sex trafficking. Women and girls who had been trafficked from poor countries were propelled into a competition with Western-born women for local prostitution customers and a growing number of sex tourists.(Leidholt). Sex trafficking is an illegal activity that should have no correlation with what goes on in the world of prostitution. A lot of the time, sex trafficking involves kidnap of underage children who are sold for the sole purpose of being raped for pay. However, sex traffickers are not unfamiliar with the system of mail order brides and similar practices. Prostitutes in the United States who are willing to give their bodies for money are in no way responsible for the sex trafficking that exists.They are not trafficking people from overseas, this is once again the work of malpractice by the pimps or brothel owners. Legalizing prostitution would increase the number of women who wanted to be in the trade, and mi ght decrease the sex trafficking rates as a result. Women who wish to engage in prostitution do exist, and what they want to do should not be restricted from them. Rather than turning a blind eye to the wrongs of the trade, it would make sense to make rules to prevent reoccurring malpractice. Screenings of clients and employees in one set location would help improve the cleanliness of the service and effectively eliminate arguments that prostitution leads to the spreads of sexually transmitted infections and diseases. Though debatable, its believed that legalizing prostitution may reduce incidents of sexual abuse and rape. Criminalizing prostitution is coping out of accepting the problems that are really going on in this trade. Though it may be impossible to eliminate all of the bad things that happen, it could still prove useful to look into making it better.

Cholera Map of Dr. John Snow

In the mid-1850s, doctors and scientists knew there was a deadly disease called the cholera poison rampaging through London, but they werent sure how it was being transmitted. Dr. John Snow used mapping and other techniques that would later be known as medical geography to confirm that the transmission of the disease occurred by swallowing contaminated water or food. Dr. Snows mapping of the 1854 cholera epidemic has saved countless lives. The Mysterious Disease While we now know that this cholera poison is spread by the bacterium Vibrio cholerae, scientists in the early 19th century thought it was spread by miasma (bad air).  Without knowing how an epidemic spreads, there is no way to stop it. When a cholera epidemic occurred, it was deadly. Since cholera is an infection of the small intestine, it results in extreme diarrhea. This often leads to massive dehydration, which can create sunken eyes and blue skin. Death can occur within hours. If treatment is given quickly enough, the disease can be overcome by giving the victim a lot of fluids, either by mouth or intravenously. In the 19th century, there were no cars or telephones and so getting quick treatment was often difficult. What London needed was someone to figure out how this deadly disease spread. The 1849 London Outbreak While Cholera has existed in Northern India for centuries (and it is from this region that regular outbreaks are spread) it was the London outbreaks that brought cholera to the attention of British physician Dr. John Snow. In an 1849 cholera outbreak in London, a large proportion of the victims received their water from two water companies. Both of these water companies had the source of their water on the Thames River, just downstream from a sewer outlet. Despite this coincidence, the prevailing belief of the time was that it was bad air that was causing the deaths. Dr. Snow felt differently, believing that the disease was caused by something ingested. He wrote down his theory in the essay, On the Mode of Communication of Cholera, but neither the public nor his peers were convinced. The 1854 London Outbreak When another cholera outbreak hit the Soho area of London in 1854, Dr. Snow found a way to test his ingestion theory. Dr. Snow plotted the distribution of deaths in London on a map. He determined that an unusually high number of deaths were taking place near a water pump on Broad Street (now Broadwick Street). Snows findings led him to petition the local authorities to remove the pumps handle. This was done and the number of cholera deaths was dramatically reduced. The pump had been contaminated by a dirty baby diaper that had leaked the cholera bacteria into the water supply. Cholera Is Still Deadly Although we now know how cholera is spread and have found a way to treat patients who have it, cholera is still a very deadly disease. Striking quickly, many people with cholera dont realize how serious their situation is until it is too late. Also, new inventions such as airplanes have aided the spread of cholera, letting it surface in parts of the world where cholera has otherwise been eradicated. According to the World Health Organization, there are up to 4.3 million cases of cholera each year, with approximately 142,000 deaths. Medical Geography The work of Dr. Snow stands out as one of the most famous and earliest cases of medical geography, where geography and maps are utilized to understand the spread of disease. Today, specially trained medical geographers and medical practitioners routinely use mapping and advanced technology to understand the diffusion and spread of diseases such as AIDS and cancer. A map is not just an effective tool for finding the right place, it can also save a life.

Essay on Nelson Mandela Standing Firm - 2318 Words

Nelson Mandela was born in Mvezo, a village in the Transkei, on July 18, 1918. The definition of Rolihlahla actually means â€Å"pulling the branch of a tree†. After the passing away of Nelson’s father’s in the year 1927, Mandela became the ward of Jongintaba Dalindyebo, the Paramount Chief, to be developed to grasp his place in high office. As a result of listening to the elder’s stories of his ancestor’s valor during the resistance wars, he aspired too of creating his own significant addition to the freedom tribulation of his people. He then enrolled at the University College of Fort Hare; there he was elected onto the Students’ Representative Council. He was suspended from college for being involved in a protest boycott, and it was an action†¦show more content†¦Mandela’s work and persistence impressed his peers and therefore was elected as the league’s National Secretary in 1948. This is just one of the many accompl ishments of the great Nelson Mandela. After the victory of the National Party in the 1948 all-white elections on the platform of apartheid, at the 1949 Annual Conference, encouraged by the Youth League, was accepted as official ANC policy. The Programme of Action had been manufactured by a committee of the ANCYL which consisted of David Bopape, Mr. Mandela, James Njongwe, Sisulu and Tambo. When the ANC catapulted its Campaign for the Defiance of Unjust Laws in 1952, Mandela, President of the Youth League, was elected to become National Volunteer-in-Chief. By doing what was required as Volunteer-in-Chief, Mandela travelled the country coordinating resistance to discriminatory legislation. Along with Sisulu and several others, Mandela was brought to trial for his part played in the campaign; the court found that Mandela and his partners had repetitively advised their followers to embrace a peaceful course of action and to avoid any type of violence. During this period of restrictions, Mandela scribed the attorney’s admission exam and was admitted to the profession. He opened a practice in Johannesburg in August 1952, by December, he opened South Africa’s first black law firm. His professional status didn’t excuse him from the brutal apartheid laws. The authorities commanded the migration of hisShow MoreRelatedThe Apartheid Of South Africa1750 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"Mandela did not merely oppose white domination; he opposed domination by any racial group, including Africans. By standing firm in his principles and enduring extraordinary sacrifices that robbed him of most of his adult life, he helped force change, while proving beyond any doubt that he was a leader who could be trusted to keep his word† (Kent). Nelson Mandela (1918-2013) was a human rights activist as well as the first black President of South Africa. Referred to as the living embodiment ofRead MoreNelson Mandela s Influence On Human Rights945 Words   |  4 PagesNelson Mandela is a world renowned activist that was imprisoned for twenty seven years in a South African prison, because of a system of racism known as â€Å"apartheid† which discriminated against blacks living in South Africa at the time. Since his release from prison, apartheid has since been abolished in South Africa and he was elected President of that country. Nelson Mandela had a positive impact on human rights by standing up against racism in his country as well as many others around the worldRead MoreEssay On Nelson Mandela1243 Words   |  5 Pages1. Summarize biographical data The Honourable Nelson Mandela transitioned from being a criminal to a white racist government to becoming the president to that same government and being a great influence on the lives of South African. He was a man of great patience and generosity therefore, he was capable of ending the Apartheid period. Born on July 18, 1918, into a small tribe of Thembu. He was a civil rights leader, who fought against apartheid, or racial discrimination against blacks, in SouthRead MoreAnalysis Of The Poem F.w De Klerk Fixing A Broken Land1420 Words   |  6 PagesKlerk.†) As a child he grew up in a political environment, therefor he learned the essential importance of timing (â€Å"Frederik Willem De Klerk.†). His inspiration was also Nelson Mandela (Frederick Willem de Klerk.†) In 1958, He obtained a law degree (high standing) at Potchefstroom University (â€Å"F. W De Klerk†). De Klerk began a law firm in Vereeniging (â€Å"F.W De Klerk†). He became active in civic and business affairs there (â€Å"F.W De Klerk†). The respect felt towards him provided him with a number of ministerialRead MoreNelson Mandela and the Fight Against Apartheid4689 Words   |  19 Pagesof Trials and Tribulations: Nelson Mandela’s Role in the Realization of Racial Equality and Freedom in South Africa Table of Contents Introduction†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..2 Chaos and Dissension in South Africa†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...3 Mandela – The Charismatic Leader†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.5 Iconic Image of Integrity and Perseverance†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦6 Uniting the African National Congress†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦....†¦.9 Mandela Takes Reconciliatory Action†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Read MoreThe Book Thief By Markus Zusak1047 Words   |  5 Pagesan insightful discovery, however one that is more dramatic. Zelda Le Garange, a wealthy, white girl who grew up in the richer part of South Africa, had a conditioned perspective on black people, completely transformed through meeting the loving Nelson Mandela. In the Book Thief, the protagonist Liesel undergoes a minor moment of insight that changes her perspective on Rosa for the better. When Liesel first met Rosa, her initial perspective was one of cynicism and distaste. When Liesel first arrivesRead More Nelson Mandela Essay2142 Words   |  9 Pages lawyer, father, prisoner, survivor, president, the face of equality. Nelson Mandela has an inspiring story of fighting Apartheid forces and surviving a long prison sentence all in the name of freedom and equal rights. Through Nelson Mandela’s constant fight for freedom of the African people from white apartheid forces, he was dominated by the corrupt government. After uprising numerous riots against apartheid forces, Mandela was sent to jail for twenty-seven years revealing the cruelty that humansRead MoreEssay Nelson Mandela and the South African Apartheid 1839 Words   |  8 PagesNelson Mandela, a man recognized worldwide, was a human rights activist leader among other things. H e believed in equality and peace for all. He fought for that belief in South Africa for which he undeniably sacrificed his life to. A figure of international peacemaking, he’s a man of tremendous accomplishments. How he achieved these accomplishments is astounding and it’s what he’s remarkably known. Striving for fairness and democracy in a nation that has been pierced for years by Apartheid seemedRead MoreThe Issue Of South Africa1714 Words   |  7 Pagesfrom challenging apartheid and standing up for their rights . A man by the name of Nelson Mandela played a key role in the fight against apartheid, and was the main organizer for a series of non-violent acts in attempt to end these terrible laws which the country was governed by. In his early years, Mandela went about fighting back in a more violent matter, and after being in trouble various times, learned that there had to be another way to go about this. Mandela was a part of the African NationalRead MoreEssay on The Legacy of Apartheid in South Africa1635 Words   |  7 Pages The strength of a nation is not established by the force of its military, economic standing, or government, but rather how its citizens are regarded. In order to attain strength, a nation must respect the principle of solidarity; the power of one voice. For without a defined sense of unity, a society is likely to crumble. Unfortunately, as seen throughout history, civilization has often made it their mission to seek out the differences in one another instead of accepting them. This fear of the

Career counseling free essay sample

European policies in the lifelong learning field reconfirm the essential importance of information, counselling and guidance services in the process of â€Å"facilitating the access to the education and continuing training offer† and of supporting the positive entering of social and professional life for young people and adults. In this sense it is necessary to create a culture of open, transparent, comprehensible dialogue resulting in a practical gain for both the clients and the employers. At the same time, these services must be provided insistently and persuasively so that any person should have the opportunity of learning and training throughout their lifetime and benefit from equal opportunities on the labour market (special attention should be given to groups threatened by social and job exclusion), stimulate social cohesion, encourage private initiative and assist the improvement of beneficiary’s lifestyle. Counsellors who work in information, counselling and guidance institutions will make recourse to the information and communication technologies to facilitate the access to their services of as many clients as possible, will work in close cooperation with the local employers and the community, endeavouring that their services should be up to date, connected to clients’ needs, to their systems of qualifications and interests, and to the dynamics of the local, regional, national and European social and economic development. While selecting the methods and techniques for this Compendium, we held in mind the following issues: †¢ the practical value of the method or technique for the field of counselling; †¢ solid, rational, logical theoretical base, grounded on rigorous and systematic empirical research; †¢ the existence of standards adapted to the social, cultural and economic specificity of the population or the possibility to easily adapt these instrument to the practice prevalent in our country; †¢ facile use and quick results, comprehensible for client and counsellor;  the extent to which the method or technique are is widespread in career counselling in our country and internationally; †¢ the diversity of information sources, direct access to the reference material about the working method or technique. At the same time, the selection process is concerned with aspects such as: †¢ †¢ 6 the consensus or majority vote of the authors team and their close collaborator s; the result of polls among counselling practitioners regarding the instruments they employ in practice or have requested to use. In the choice of instruments, the following practical considerations are of some importance: †¢ adapting the instrument to the category of clients requesting counselling services and to the specificity of their problems; †¢ mastering in detail all the technical and methodological aspects required for the administration of the instruments, scoring and interpretation of results; †¢ being acquainted with the social, cultural and economic environment of the clients, as well as with other characteristics pertaining to their gender, education, residence;  knowing the context in which the instrument intended for use was developed before deciding for its applicability; †¢ the comprehensibility of the general structure, procedural friendliness, statistical support, availability of standards and scoring scales; †¢ the extent to which the instrument offers the information needed by the clients in their career development. The main questions that counsellors should ask when deciding upon the purchase, adaptation and use of tests are the following: †¢ To what purpose were the tests developed? What do they claim to measure? †¢ What target groups are they recommended for? †¢ What types of items / tasks does the test employ for evaluation? †¢ Does the test come with an administration and scoring manual? †¢ Does the test include standards and scoring scales for assessing the results? †¢ Is the test easy to use and the result interpretation comprehensible and transparent for the beneficiaries? †¢ Are there data regarding the test’s reliability and validity? †¢ Are there copyright provisions? What are the costs? †¢ Who are the authors of the test? Another category of problems that such a work may encounter is related to the methodological systematisation, categorization, taxonomy of models and techniques used in the practice of career counselling. It is known that extremely diverse objectives, criteria, indicators might be applied to the process. In their daily activity the counsellors develop their own working style based on their preferences regarding the methods and techniques; on the other hand they must use certain methods and techniques adequate to the categories of clients and to the categories of problems raised.7 In general, the sources of information / purchase of the instruments / questionnaires / tests, etc. used in career counselling are: †¢ specialized publishing houses commercialising psychological investigation tools; †¢ publications (journals, books, other sources on the Internet); †¢ copies from the originals in universities (used experimentally for research); †¢ direct purchase from the s ource of the free use rights (through professional organizations, libraries, peer counsellors); †¢ purchasing the reference instruments and the rights of translation,  adaptation, re-sampling and use (by institutes and universities) with their own funding or through various projects and programmes; †¢ elaborating original instruments at the national level as a result of research activity carried in institutes and universities. It must be said that it is forbidden to use psychological instruments protected by the copyright act without the permission of the authors or publishers. Access to these instruments is granted on the condition of purchasing the rights to adapt and use in full compliance with the laws, orders and provisions of the Regulations of professional associations in the field. Besides the legislation, there are ethical principles that regulate the professional use of methods and techniques specific to career counselling and the counsellors behaviour in relation to them. The present Compendium is a methodological handbook and also a professional statement of coherence, synergy and continuity in the work of career counselling, a scientific and systematic approach to the field and a way of supporting high quality service of information, counselling and guidance. We hope this Compendium to be a useful instrument both for the undergraduates preparing to become counsellors, professors teaching this course and counselling practitioners in the fields of education, employment, youth work, law enforcement, healthcare, military and others and who are known as careers advisors, school counsellors, educational and vocational guidance counsellors, employment officers, etc. 8 Methodological Aspects Mihai JIGAU Institute of Educational Sciences, Bucharest Career counselling is a global approach to individuals under all aspects of their personal, professional and social life; it consists in providing information, counselling and guidance services with a view to supporting each and every person – in any stage of their life – in the development of their own career through decision-making as regards to education, work, and community life. The domain of career counselling has known success and recoil of using various assessment methods and techniques (in the beginning mostly psychological tests, currently mostly questionnaires and inventories of interests, preferences, aptitudes, attitudes and values). In the dawn of educational and vocational guidance in Romania we can identify a psychometric phase, followed by an educational phase, and by the contemporary phase related to cognitive information management and processing, having the holistic career approach ethics and quality at its core. In career counselling we identify helpful methods among tests, questionnaires or inventories concerning: †¢ aptitudes (intellectual, verbal, numerical, reasoning, reaction speed, special talents, etc. ); †¢ personality; †¢ interests and special needs; †¢ values and attitudes; †¢ assessment of academic acquisitions (learning skills and methods); †¢ interpersonal relations; 9 †¢ self-image; †¢ decision-making; †¢ career development (training for decision-making); †¢ special categories of population. Tests are a means to objective and systematic measurement / assessment of certain behavioural elements (in either areas: aptitudes, personality, attitudes, knowledge) of individuals, based on their answers to certain work-related tasks. These fixed sequences of personal characteristics investigated are considered relevant to defining and identifying the respective aspects in human subjects. Standardized inventories are also means of measuring behavioural segments, in which the subject’s answers are not judged as right or wrong, but compared against those of other individuals taken to be a group norm (Brown and Brooks, 1991). In practice, it has been shown that in most cases counsellors use inventories of interests and skills rather than psychological performance and personality tests. In fact, the balance between one type of instruments and the other stems from the role assumed by counsellors: whether it is centred in supporting clients with their career development and decision-making, or in interpreting information for what is considered to be their clients’ best interest. As it can be noticed, the ends are the same, but the means different in each of the two situations described. Here are what psychological inventories and tests can identify with respect to career counselling: †¢ areas of interest / preference in the sphere of occupations; †¢ skills, abilities, aptitudes, as well as levels of performance required in various occupational areas; †¢ aspects of personality compatible with certain occupational fields;

The Great Wave by Katsushika Hokusai Essay Example For Students

The Great Wave by Katsushika Hokusai Essay The Japanese masterpiece, The Great Wave, was created by Katsushika Hokusai, when he was approximately 70 years old. It was part of his popular ukiyo-e series Thirty-six Views of Mount Fuji, which was created between 1826 and 1833. The print was made using colour woodblock printing called ukiyo-e. Hokusai ukiyo-e transformed the art form one focused on people, to one that explored landscapes, plants, and animals. Ukiyo-e means pictures of the floating world in Japanese. It is a genre of woodblock printing and painting that was popular in Japan from the 17th through 19th centuries. Making woodblock prints was a three-stage process as follows: (1) The artist would paint the design with ink (2) The design would then be carved onto wooden blocks, and finally (3) Colored ink would be applied to the blocks after which sheets of paper could be pressed on them to print the design. Once the blocks were completed, it was easier to make reproductions of the same design. Outline generally what you see happening in the image Hokusai captures a dramatic moment in his artwork by contrasting a giant and turbulent wave in the foreground about to consume three fishing boats, against the small and stable Mt Fuji in the background. We will write a custom essay on The Great Wave by Katsushika Hokusai specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now The boats tumble in submission to the force of the wave. The tiny fishermen in the boats huddle and cling to the sides, as the cusp of the wave curls its claws down upon them. The sky is eerily pale. The white frost of the wave cap mimics the snow covered top on Mount Fuji. The waves are large, towering, turbulent and menacing. They look powerful and heavy and about to come thundering down to consume the three fishing boats. They are dark blue and curl with shades of lighter blue and extend to white frothy wave tips. They are surrounded by softer sprays of white mist. The power of the waves is captured in the wave caps that look like menacing claws, adding to the impact of the strength and dominant power of the waves. The curling down of the claws makes the waves appear as though they are ready to pluck the fishing boats and their unfortunate sailors out of the sea. Huddled, small, inconsequential, panicked, hopeful, supporting eachother, scared, frightened, clinging, crouched in fear, terror, vulnerable, helpless. The colors and tones are deliberate and intense. The menacing wave is dark blue and ghostly in colour forming curls of white froth and claws of pale blue and white. The sky is an eerie pale tan colour contrasting against the bold blue of the wave. The white frost of the wave cap mimics the snow covered top on Mount Fuji. The range of colours is limited to reflect nature. The lines of the wave are clear and precise. The colour of the boats is light brown and this color reinforces their insignificance against the bright blues and white of the waves. The fishermen in the boats are dark blue with white heads. The bubbles of water mist are white and sparkling. The horizon is a muddy brown colour with blurred tones suggesting doom. The wave seems menacing and ghostly. The scene is dramatic with nature’s power being exerted against the vulnerable fishermen. There is an element of apprehension in the capture of the giant powerful and turbulent wave as it curls toward the small, submissive boats. The waves commanding presence in the foreground, dwarfing the peaks of Mount Fuji, highlights the wave’s strength and dominance. The small fishermen are almost defenceless, huddled and clinging to the sides of their boats. .uadd6045062fa6af4090c743d1793cf4b , .uadd6045062fa6af4090c743d1793cf4b .postImageUrl , .uadd6045062fa6af4090c743d1793cf4b .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uadd6045062fa6af4090c743d1793cf4b , .uadd6045062fa6af4090c743d1793cf4b:hover , .uadd6045062fa6af4090c743d1793cf4b:visited , .uadd6045062fa6af4090c743d1793cf4b:active { border:0!important; } .uadd6045062fa6af4090c743d1793cf4b .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uadd6045062fa6af4090c743d1793cf4b { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uadd6045062fa6af4090c743d1793cf4b:active , .uadd6045062fa6af4090c743d1793cf4b:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uadd6045062fa6af4090c743d1793cf4b .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uadd6045062fa6af4090c743d1793cf4b .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uadd6045062fa6af4090c743d1793cf4b .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uadd6045062fa6af4090c743d1793cf4b .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uadd6045062fa6af4090c743d1793cf4b:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uadd6045062fa6af4090c743d1793cf4b .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uadd6045062fa6af4090c743d1793cf4b .uadd6045062fa6af4090c743d1793cf4b-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uadd6045062fa6af4090c743d1793cf4b:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Master of Fine Arts Thesis Exhibition EssayTheir anxiety, fear and panic rings out from this artwork. The lines, direction and scale of the artwork creates a sense of movement. Hokusai positions the viewer looking up into the menacing curl of the giant wave. And this is in contrast to the fishermen who turn away and are too terrified to face nature’s fury. This creates a sense of movement of the wave crashing downwards. Additionally, the usually towering Mount Fuji is set in the background, small, motionless and framed by the giant wave in the foreground. The contrast of Mount Fuji so still in the background highlights the thunderous movement of the wave. The position of Mt Fuji almost in the centre, but perfectly balanced in the frame, and the clear lines of its triangular peak draws the viewers attention to the movement going on around it. The lines are clear, vigorous and bold. This adds to the movement of the artwork. The line curvature of the wave and curls of the cusps, highlights the rise, curl and sweep of the moving wave, creating a sense of movement.

Stephen Blackpool Essays

Stephen Blackpool Essays Stephen Blackpool Paper Stephen Blackpool Paper After this tragic incident Blackpool returns back to his home with the intention to leave Coketown and seek his fortune elsewhere. In the meanwhile Louisa who is accompanied by Tom both arrive to see Stephen. Louisa expresses her concern for Stephens plight and offers him money. Stephen accepts, but insists that they are only a loan.  From this incident my colleagues we discover something new about Blackpool, that he is someone who likes to take minimum assistance and favors of people even when in desperate, critical situations. Nevertheless the latter statement can only be restricted to financial help and not all kinds of aid. This is because, before Louisa and Tom leave Tom Pulls Stephen urgently out of the room and says that he might be able to do him a favor and Stephen is ready to take the assistance in this matter.  After Tom is taking Blackpool outside his room he tells him be outside Bounderbys bank at night and wait for an hour or so. He says that if he can help Stephen he will give Bitzer a message for him. Tom claims that Louisa will agree with what he has in mind, and this single fact seems to persuade Stephen to agree to Toms request. Not only does Bounderby constantly remind people of his bad childhood, but also he claims to have made it on his own Nobody to thank for being here but myself The 19th century definition of a Victorian Gentleman also says he never speaks with himself except when compelled. This is in fact the complete opposite to what Bounderby repetitively does throughout he essay as he also speaks highly of himself, and only himself. Although he is a best friend of local school headmaster, Mr Gradgrind, Bounderby is more interested in money and power than in facts. He himself is a fiction, and a fraud as Mrs Pegler turns up and tells of how Bounderby paid her i 30 a year to stay away from him Josiah in the gutter.. no such a thing My dear boy knows, he comes of humble parents Dickens didnt think highly of Victorian gentlemen, this is shown when he uses Mrs Pegler to notify us of how Bounderbys love for money means more to him than his love for his family. When Mrs Pegler reveals Bounderbys status as a fraud, we react with irritation towards him. His whole character is based around his own raising from the gutter, the fact that this is a lie, makes us lose our trust in him, if we had any to begin with. It is not only our trust for Bounderby that we lose, but our respect for him too. The book is written so that the reader has a blatant dislike for Bounderby, but one must respect him for working his way from the gutter to the top of the social hierarchy. Until we hear the truth, all our respect for him is about his own self-raising, when we discover the truth, we lose that respect and we have little or no respect for him. This news about Bounderby is discovered it is rather ironic, as he has gone through life with his often-repeated declaration I am Josiah Bounderby of Coketown This quotation shows his inflated sense of pride for the way he was raised (by himself) and for how he turned out, in other words, his wealth. Darren Cave Page 1 5/2/2007 Although as it turns out, Bounderby was not actually raised by himself from the gutter, his parents were poor but did love him. This should mean that he has sympathy for others who are like he was in his childhood. Instead, he believes that everyman should work himself to the top, starting from the bottom, supposedly like him. This is shown in his treatment of Stephen Blackpool. Stephen comes to discuss how he could go about getting a divorce from his wife. Stephen works for Bounderby and has had a very troubled marriage as his wife is a drunken and robs him. When Stephen questions Bounderby about a divorce, Bounderby asks him if he wishes to be fed on turtle soup and venison with a gold spoon as he has unreasonable aspirations for a worker.

Structure And Anarchy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Structure And Anarchy - Essay Example Any organization has a structure and leadership. It is also recognized that an organization is primarily its people. In theoretical discussions it is widely agreed that social movements are not organizations. As Freeman (1978) says," Granted, most movements are not organizations and thus not able to make conscious decisions about their direction. Usually they consist of numerous core groups and a large penumbra of sympathizers. Nonetheless, these core groups serve as the foci of a movement's values and activities and determine much of its deliberate policy". It is here that the crux issue rises. Lacking a resolute structure a social movement always faces instability and the conflict between group maintenance needs and goal achievement needs. The core values of the movement can have a constellation of other values supported by differing groups. These values can be parallel or opposed to core values. The opposing values and their support groups can be in a consensus and form a noticeab le opposition. So long as the leadership and the majority that support leadership and movement's core values are able to outnumber and control opposing opinions and groups structure prevails and the movement sails along smoothly with foci values. The instability of movements and opposite values and opinions are particularly strong in movements with democratic values, where the structure is deliberately loosely defined and monitored as too much structure can suppress participation and inhibit eagerness.(Lenin,1901) So social movements offer incentives for order maintenance and also to increase membership. Wilson (1973) identifies four major categories of incentives that an organization can deploy in order to maintain its membership. These are material incentives (money, goods, and other tangible rewards); specific solidarity incentives (status, power, and other intangible benefits that are scarce); collective solidarity incentives (prestige, friendship, fun, and other rewards from be ing part of a group); and purposive incentives (value fulfillment, or the sense of satisfaction from contributing to a worthwhile cause).Maintenance of consensus becomes a major task of the movement leadership so as to remain on course to foci values.Graeber(2002) defines the consensus process as ," The basic idea of consensus process is that, rather than voting, you try to come up with proposals acceptable to everyone-or at least, not highly objectionable to anyone: first state the proposal, then ask for 'concerns' and try to address them". Anarchy When opposition in a movement becomes splintered with no conclusive or majority based foci value then chaos prevails. "Anarchy means without government, which is different forms of vertically organized, i.e. chaotic included, economic and/or political-administrative

Sibelius symphony no.7 Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Sibelius symphony no.7 - Research Paper Example Additionally other works inspired by the Finnish culture include over 100 songs for piano and Voice. Some of the works include the opera music, Masonic ritual music, piano music and chamber music (Rahkonen, 2011). Sibelius composed up to the middle of 1920s, but since his production of the Seventh symphony in the year 1924, in the year 1926 when he produced "tone poem Tapiola" and "music to The Tempest" and he went quite since then. Sibelius has not produced other significant works. He is reputed to have stopped producing, but there have been some efforts to compose the eighth symphony. During the last periods of his life, he edited and wrote music for the Masonic. Although the man had an interest in developing new music, he was not much enthusiastic about modern music (Rahkonen, 2011). The Finnish nation mark a flag day on the 8 December to celebrate the composers birthday, and his image featured in the 100-mark bill until the year 2002 when it went out of circulation. Sibelius was born in Finland in the Russian Grand Duchy. He was the son of a Swedish doctor Gustaf Sibelius and Maria Sibelius. His real Swedish and Finnish name was "Janne" but he is known universally by the name Jean a French version that he adopted during his schooling years after being inspired by name in a business card of his uncle. His first language was Swedish, but he got a chance to go to Finnish speaking school from 1876 to 1885. From the age of 15, Jean has set out to be a Violin player; and he did accomplish his passion by performing the two last movements in Helsinki. After graduating from high school education, Jean Sibelius proceeded to study law at the prestigious imperial Alexander University of Finland. However, he eventually left his studies to concentrate in performing music (Costabile-Heming, 2004). From the year 1885 to 1889, Jean studied music in the Sibelius academy (formerly known as the Helsiki School of music). He

Sport Scale Essay Example for Free

Sport Scale Essay ABSTRACT The primary purpose of this study was to develop a valid and reliable instrument to assess sport fan motivation. Also, the new measure was employed to examine the relationship between sport fan motivation and ethnic identity. One hundred sixty nine college students from two southeastern institutions participated in this study. Data were analyzed using exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, Bivariate correlation, t test, ANOVA, and descriptive statistics. The Fan Motivation Scale (FMS), developed in this study, consisted of six components with 22 items. The number of items under every component range from 5 to 2 items (quality of the game 4 items, escape 5 items, boredom avoidance 5 items, social 3 items, entertainment 3 items, and sport atmosphere 2 items). In addition, two hypotheses were tested in the current study. The first hypothesis was that ethnic identity is positively related to sport fan motivation. The second hypothesis assumed that there was a difference between African Americans and European Americans in their ethnic identity. The results revealed the FMS is a reliable measure with an overall alpha score of 0. 90. Significant differences were found between participants in the total FMS and some of the subscales based on gender and ethnicity. However, the outcomes of the samples examined in this study do not support the first hypothesis. Therefore, no significant relationship was found between sport fan motivation and ethnic identity. Regarding the second hypothesis, a significant difference was found between African Americans and European Americans in their ethnic identity. vii CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION Sports have become an increasingly important part of our society. Sports fans represent a significant percentage of sport consumers, because 70 percent or more of Americans watch, read, or discuss sports at least once a day (Iso-Ahola Hatfield, 1986). From 1985 to 1998, attendance has significantly increased at the four major sports in the United States. Major League Baseball (MLB) had the largest increase in the number of people attending games (24. 2 million, a 50% increase), followed by professional basketball (10. 3 million, a 89% increase), professional football (5. 7 million, a 40% increase), and professional hockey (5. 6 million, a 49% increase). The number of people attending college sporting events has also increased during this time period (U. S. Census Bureau, 2000). Additionally, more television programming time is being devoted to sporting events. The ESPN was the fifth highest ranked television network in 2000, in terms of revenue, it was estimated to be $2. 1 billion (McAvoy, 2000). With the increase of interest in sports has become an increased interest of sports fans as consumers. Sport teams and companies are very interested in attracting as many consumers as possible to purchase game tickets or products. Therefore, sport marketers should acknowledge the factors that drive fans to follow sport by attending, watching on television, or purchasing products. However, understanding the notion of sports fans is not simple because their attitudes and behaviors are not determined by a single motive or factor but rather occur for a variety of reasons (Mashiach, 1980). Statement of the Problem There has been a growing interest in the study of sport fan motivations in recent years to better understand fan behaviors (Bilyeu Wann, 2002; Funk, Mahony, Nakazawa, Hirakawa, 2001; Funk, Mahony Ridinger, 2002; Funk, Ridinger, Moorman, 2003; Gantz, 1981; Kahle, Kambara, Rose, 1996; Lee, 2002; Mahony, Nakazawa, Funk, James, Gladden, 2002; Pease Zhang, 2001; Trail James, 2001; Wann, 1995; Wann, Bilyeu, Brennan, Osborn Gambouras, 1999; Wann, Brewer, 1 Royalty, 1999; Wann, Schrader Wilson, 1999). Some of these studies have introduced measures of different consumption motives of sport fans. In addition, researchers have examined the relationship between fan motivation and other variables such as team identification, involvement, gender, and race. The measures used in previous studies to assess fan motivations vary in length and number of components. However, some of the components are used in all or most scales such as the entertainment component, the family component, and the friends component. They also share very similar items with regard to similar components. Items used in most previous scales often begin with the words â€Å"I like†, â€Å"I enjoy†, or â€Å"I feel† which raises a validity issue for the measures because the aforementioned words represent satisfaction and attitude rather than motivation. Fan satisfaction relates to the happiness and pleasure associated with the outcome of a sporting event while fan attitude represents the opinion and feelings an individual has about a sport team or sporting event. On the other hand, sport fan motivation refers to the reasons that drive individuals to support sport teams, be loyal to them, buy team/sport related products, watch and attend sporting events. The Purpose of the Study The purpose of this study was to develop a valid and reliable instrument to assess sport fan motives. Also, the new measure was utilized to examine the relationship between fan motivation and ethnic identity. The Conceptual Framework The conceptual framework of this study includes the discussion of two concepts. First, the Fan Motivation Scale and its content will be introduced. Second, the notion of ethnic identity and why it should be correlated with sport fan motivation will be presented. The prior research (Wann, 1995; Funk, Mahony, Nakazawa, Hirakawa, 2001; Bilyeu Wann, 2002) identified various motives that could drive fans to attend sporting events. Some of these motives are related to personal needs (entertainment and financial 2 gain), social needs (bonding with family and group affiliation), and psychological needs (self-esteem and achievement). In attempt to measure the motives of sport fans, the researchers introduced different scales. These scales comprised different number of motives ranging from 7 motives with 16 items to 18 motives with 54 items. The length of some of the scales was not the only problem. The major concern for previous scales is in the content validity, the extent to which items used in the scale accurately represent fan motives. In fact, all previous scales included items that are more related to attitude and satisfaction then motivation. The reason for this problem is the lack of clear definition of sport fan motivation. The current study is going to view sport fan motivation as the reasons that drive individuals to support sport teams, be loyal to them, purchase team/sport related products, watch and attend sporting events. In addition, this study will employ a review of related literature and the prior effort made on fan motivation scales to develop valid and reliable measures of sport fan motivation. The proposed Fan Motivation Scale (FMS) will measure six motives: social, entertainment, escape, aesthetic, psychological, and amotivation. The social motive assesses the extent to which individuals participate in sporting events as spectators because they desire to spend time with their families (Gantz, 1981; Wann, 1995). Also, to some individuals, group affiliation is an important motivation of being a sport fan. Sport spectating provides a fan with opportunities to share time with others who enjoy the same activities. A fan may want to keep contact with a group of fans and seek refuge from a feeling of alienation (Branscombe Wann, 1991; Smith, 1988; Wann, 1995). The entertainment motive includes items that represent the desire of some individuals to have a good time and enjoy the excitement associated with sporting events. Some fans might enjoy a sport because of its entertainment value. Sport spectating provides fans with leisure pastime activities similar to watching movies or television. One advantage of sport spectating is that few special skills, if any, are required (Zillmann, Bryant Sapolsky, 1989; Wann, 1995). The escape motive of sport fans assesses the desire of sport fans to escape or diverge from their everyday lives. Attending a sporting event gives many people an 3 opportunity to temporarily forget about their troubling, dissatisfying, or boring lives (Smith, 1988; Lever Wheeler, 1984; Wann, Schrader Wilson, 1999). The aesthetic motive of sport fans appeals to those that are motivated by the aesthetic value of the sport. Some fans enjoy sports because of the competition between highly skilled athletes. The beauty, grace, and other artistic characteristics make some people enjoy sporting events (Milne McDonald, 1999; Wann, 1995). The psychological motive is a factor that motivates sports fans and gives them a feeling of accomplishment and achievement when the fans’ favorite team or player is successful. Sports fans tend to associate themselves with a successful team or player in order to create and sustain a positive self-concept (Branscombe Wann, 1991; Milne McDonald, 1999; Sloan, 1989). Amotivation refers to the state of lacking an intention to act. When amotivated, individual’s action lacks intentionality and a sense of personal causation (Ryan Deci, 2000). Amotivation results from not valuing an activity (Ryan, 1995), not feeling competent to do it (Deci, 1975), or not believing it will yield a desired outcome (Seligman, 1975). Some individuals might go to sport events and watch sport games because they have nothing else to do, bored, and want to kill time. These types of reasons had been neglected in previous studies of sport fan motivation. As mentioned earlier, prior research has examined the relationship between fan motivations and other variables such as sport involvement, team identification, and some demographic factors of selected sport fans. However, the ethnic identity of sport fans has been ignored in the literature. It might be assumed by some researchers that the race factor is enough representation of an individual’s ethnic background. It is, however, only part of the concept. Ethnic identity is defined as â€Å"a process of coming to terms with one’s ethnic-racial membership group as a salient reference group† (Smith, 1991, p. 182). Smith (1991) defined an ethnic group as â€Å"a reference group called upon by people who share a common history and culture† (p. 181). According to Gordon (1985), culture influences our social standards, values, cognitions, social perceptions, attributions, feelings, and sources of motivation. Individuals develop their ethnic identity through their social interaction with others. Through their interactions they begin to view themselves as others view them 4 (Stryker, 1980). Ethnic identity is viewed as part of social identity and it was defined by Tajfel (1981) as â€Å"that part of an individual’s self-concept which derives from his knowledge of his membership of a social group (or groups) together with the value and emotional significance attached to that membership† (p.255). An ethnic group is composed of a number of individuals who share a sense of group identity based on their unique culture, which include values, morals, and various customs, as well as shared origins. In the larger society, ethnic groups tend to maintain a sense of peoplehood (Dublin, 1996; Kornblum Janowitz, 1974; Portes, 1996). Forty years ago, Tumin (1964) defined an ethnic group as â€Å"a social group which, within a large cultural and social system, claims or is accorded special status in terms of complexity of traits which it exhibits or is believed to exhibit† (p.123). Distinguishing between ethnic groups is not always simple. Some ethnic minorities, such as African Americans, may have obvious physical differences that set them apart from other ethnic groups within the United States, but many biracial individuals present an ambiguity because they belong to two or more ethnic groups, which makes ethnicity a subjective construct (Root, 1992). Studying ethnic identity is very important because it is the foundation for what an individual believes about himself or herself. Given the significance of ethnic identity, many researchers have been studying this construct. Phinney (1990) reviewed 70 studies of ethnic identity published between 1972 and 1990. She found that most of the studies have used one of three theoretical frameworks to examine ethnic identity. The first framework is the social identity theory which ethnic identity is considered a component of social identity. Social theory refers to the need for an individual to be a member of a group that provides him or her with a sense of belonging that contributes to a positive self-concept. The second framework is the acculturation prospective. The concept of acculturation refers to changes in the cultural attitudes, value, and behaviors that result from interactions between two distinct cultures (Berry, Trimble, Olmedo, 1986). These kinds of changes are normally the concern of a group of individuals, and how it relates to the dominant or host society. Ethnic identity can be an aspect of acculturation in which the focus is on the individuals and how they relate to their own group as a subgroup of the larger society (Phinney, 1990). The third framework is developmental framework, where ethnic identity is viewed as a process by which people construct their ethnicity. 5 Erikson (1968) indicated that identity is the outcome of a period of exploration and experimentation that normally takes place during adolescence and leads to a decision of commitment in various areas, such as occupation, and religion. This view of ethnic identity suggests age as a factor is strongly related to developing one’s ethnic identity (Phinney, 1990). Phinney (1990) mentioned that most studies have focused on certain components of ethnic identity. These components include self-identification as a group member, a sense of belonging to the group, attitudes about one’s group membership, and ethnic involvement (social participation, cultural practices and attitudes). Self-identification represents the ethnic label that one uses for oneself. The ability of children to label themselves with the right ethnic group was the addressed in a study by Aboud (187). Another issue was the relationship between incorrect labeling and poor self-concept (Cross, 1978). Adults are expected to know their ethnicity but the issue is what label one chooses to use for himself or herself. However, some ethnic groups have a little choice in what ethnic title they can use for themselves often because of their distinctive skin color or culture (language, dresses, customs, etc. ) which distinguishes them from other groups. Additionally, some individuals have two or more ethnic backgrounds and they identify themselves as members of more than one group. Ethnic self-identification is an important but complex component of ethnic identity (Phinney, 1990). The feeling of belonging to one’s own group is an important element of ethnic identity. Some researchers have tried to assess the sense of belonging by either asking people how strong was their relationship with their groups or how separate they feel from other groups (Driedger, 1976). Members of every ethnic group can have positive or negative attitudes toward their own group. Some of the positive attitudes related were pride in and pleasure, satisfaction, and contentment with one’s group (Phinney, 1990). Negative attitudes include dissatisfaction, displeasure, discontentment, and a desire to hide ones identity (Driedger, 1976). People who display no positive attitudes or express negative attitudes can be seen as denying their ethnic identity (Phinney, 1990). In addition, the involvement in the social life and cultural practices of one’s ethnic group is considered a strong indicator of one’s ethnic identity. The social and cultural practices 6 that represent the involvement component include language, friendship, social organizations, religion, cultural traditions, and politics (Phinney, 1990). Phinney (1992) developed the Multigroup Ethnic Identity Measure (MEIM) with the purpose of assessing ethnic identity among various ethnic groups. The scale was designed to measure three components of ethnic identity: affirmation and belonging, ethnic identity achievement, and ethnic behaviors. Roberts, Phinney, Masse, Chen, Roberts, and Romero (1999) examined the validity of the MEIM and conducted factor analysis with a large sample. The outcomes suggest that the scale measures two components of ethnic identity: ethnic identity search and affirmation, belonging, and commitment. Ethnic identity search refers to a developmental and cognitive component. Affirmation, belonging, and commitment represent the affective component. However, the scale has been proven to be a valid and reliable measurement and it will be used in the context of this study. More discussion of the scale is provided in the method section. Researchers have indicated that positive relationships do exist between ethnic identity and self-esteem, self-concept, psychological well-being, achievement, and satisfaction (Phinney, 1992; Roberts et al. , 1999; Delworth, 1989). However, it is the purpose of this study to examine the relationship between ethnic identity and motivations of sport fans. According to Phinney (1990) some.

Three Lives :: Women Feminism Facism Essays

Three Lives Maria drew dark lines underneath her lashes and on the tops of her lids. She began to smooth her skirt and her hair when Marco banged on the door of the bathroom and yelled that her turn was up. Between the family of ten, there was only one bathroom and three bedrooms. Maria’s older brothers had to share the living room, and the baby was in a crib next to her parents’ bed. She walked into the kitchen and her mother rolled her eyes at Maria when she saw the way she was done up, and Maria gave a piercing stare in return. She knew that looks were important, and that hers would win her a successful husband someday. Her hope was that she would not have to bear one child after the other the way her mother did in an effort to get the large family award. Maria had no interest in school, or reading, for she knew that these would get her nowhere. Her mother had been educated and had worked in a post office until recently, when a new law was passed. Maria thought that it was irresponsible of her mother to have a job, anyway. She should be tending to the family, not worrying about her career. Women were restricted from so many jobs, the most reliable (and natural) plan was that of becoming a housewife. Maria had never considered doing otherwise. Woman, made to ripen a child within her body for three-quarters of the year, made to nourish this child, with a secretion of her organism, for longer than a year, endowed with qualities that make her able to raise and educate the child at least through adolescence, nevertheless receives, in our civilization, the same education as if her functions were equal to man’s (Ferdinando Loffredo, Pickering-Iazzi, 30). Maria was sitting up straight at her desk in the classroom. Her teacher was boasting of his position in the Party. He called on Marco to have him speak of his loyalty to Il Duce. Marco said the same phrases that he heard spoken by his father every day in favor of Il Duce. Maria looked out the window. She was not listening to her brother, but daydreaming. She pictured herself the wife of an accomplice of Mussolini, and knew that nothing would make her more proud. A successful future in the party would therefore be inevitable for her children. Three Lives :: Women Feminism Facism Essays Three Lives Maria drew dark lines underneath her lashes and on the tops of her lids. She began to smooth her skirt and her hair when Marco banged on the door of the bathroom and yelled that her turn was up. Between the family of ten, there was only one bathroom and three bedrooms. Maria’s older brothers had to share the living room, and the baby was in a crib next to her parents’ bed. She walked into the kitchen and her mother rolled her eyes at Maria when she saw the way she was done up, and Maria gave a piercing stare in return. She knew that looks were important, and that hers would win her a successful husband someday. Her hope was that she would not have to bear one child after the other the way her mother did in an effort to get the large family award. Maria had no interest in school, or reading, for she knew that these would get her nowhere. Her mother had been educated and had worked in a post office until recently, when a new law was passed. Maria thought that it was irresponsible of her mother to have a job, anyway. She should be tending to the family, not worrying about her career. Women were restricted from so many jobs, the most reliable (and natural) plan was that of becoming a housewife. Maria had never considered doing otherwise. Woman, made to ripen a child within her body for three-quarters of the year, made to nourish this child, with a secretion of her organism, for longer than a year, endowed with qualities that make her able to raise and educate the child at least through adolescence, nevertheless receives, in our civilization, the same education as if her functions were equal to man’s (Ferdinando Loffredo, Pickering-Iazzi, 30). Maria was sitting up straight at her desk in the classroom. Her teacher was boasting of his position in the Party. He called on Marco to have him speak of his loyalty to Il Duce. Marco said the same phrases that he heard spoken by his father every day in favor of Il Duce. Maria looked out the window. She was not listening to her brother, but daydreaming. She pictured herself the wife of an accomplice of Mussolini, and knew that nothing would make her more proud. A successful future in the party would therefore be inevitable for her children.

Human Embryonic Stem (hES)

Human embryonic stem (hES) cell has a unique ability of differentiating into all cell types, which leads to the development of the whole organism. As the integrity of ES cells is crucial for the developing embryo, these cells have likely evolved a mechanism that will detect and respond to adverse stimuli. Indeed, hES cell has been shown to be highly sensitive to DNA damage, but the molecular mechanisms underlying this rapid death remain unclear. Caspases are critical mediators of apoptosis in the cells of mammals, and is considered a key protein that is responsible for controlling their activation is Bax, a Bcl-2 family proapoptotic member. While the main components of the apoptotic pathway have been known and identified, exactly how this pathway is functioning and regulated in various primary cells is still unclear. The study examined the apoptotic pathway in the hES cells and also reported a unique mechanism of hES cells that can help them to undergo apoptosis in response to the genotoxic damage. To visualize GFP-tagged Bax, the 3-day colonies of hES cells were transfected with 2 mg of hBaxC3-EGFP from Addgene with FuGENE HD transfection reagent from Roche. Transfection is the process of by which nucleic acids is introduce to the eukaryotic cells by methods that are nonviral. With the help of some various methods such as chemical, physical, lipid methods, this technology of gene transfer technology is a very powerful tool to investigate the gene function and the expression of protein of a cell. Assay-based reporter technology, and with the availability of transfection reagents will actually give and provides the foundation necessary to study sequences of mammalian promoter and enhancer, the trans-acting proteins such as transcription factors, processing of mRNA, the interactions of different proteins, recombination, and translation events. In general, transfection is a method or protocol used to neutralize or obviate the issue of introducing the negatively charged molecules such as phosphate backbone of DNA and RNA into the negatively charged membrane of the cells. In addition, chemicals such as calcium phosphate and cationic lipid-based reagents that coat the DNA, neutralize or even creates an overall positive charge to the molecule is also used. This makes it easier for the DNA to transfection reagent complex to cross the said membrane, especially for lipids which has a fusogenic component that further enhances the fusion with the different lipid bilayer. Other methods such as physical methods like microinjection or electroporation have also been used that is simply punch through the membrane and will introduce DNA directly into the cytoplasm. In this study, they describe the striking feature of the healthy undifferentiated hES cells, which maintain Bax in its preactivated state at the Golgi that is in contrast to other cell types. The results also highlight the fact that the apoptotic machinery undergoes a dynamic change even if its an early stages of differentiation.